Tuti Damayati: ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan.

Kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat.

Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.

Example :

1. Active : He meets them everyday.
Passive : They are met by him everyday.

2. Active : She waters this plant every two days.

Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.

3. Active : He met them yesterday

Passive : They were met by him yesterday

4. Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning

5. Active : He has met them

      Passive : They have been met by him
6.   Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
      Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

7. Active : He had met them before I came.
Passive : They had been met by him before I came.

8. Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here.
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here.

9. Active : He will meet them tomorrow.
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.

10. Active : She will water this plant this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.

11. Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week.
Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.

12. Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow.

Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow.

13. Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.

14. Active : He would have met them.
Passive : They would have been met by him.

15. Active : She would have watered this plant.
Passive : This plant would have been watered by her.

16. Active : He is meeting them now.
Passive : They are being met by him now.

17. Active : She is watering this plant now.
Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.

18. Active : He was meeting them.
Passive : They were being met by him.

19. Active : She was watering this plant.
Passive : This plant was being watered by her.

20. Active : He has been meeting them.
Passive : They have been being met by him.

21. Active : She has been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant has been being watered by her.

22. Active : He had been meeting them.
Passive : They had been being met by him.

23. Active : She had been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant had been being watered by her.

24. Active : He will be meeting them.
Passive : They will be being met by him.

25. Active : She will be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.

26. Active : He would be meeting them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.

27. Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

28. Active : He will have been meeting them.
Passive : They will have been being met by him.

29. Active : She will have been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.

30. Active : He would be meeting them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.

31. Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

Ada juga contoh kalimat pasif dan aktif:

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE

Passive voice atau dalam bahasa indonesianya adalah kalimat pasif, merupakan jenis kalimat mengacu pada subjek yang menjadi pekerjaan, bila dalam bentuk aktif subjek yang bertindak sebagai pelaku aksi.

Active voice lebih sering dipakai pada kegiatan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice . Terdapat beberapa pola passive voice maupun active voice di setiap tensesnya.

Present Passive Voice

- Past Passive Voice

- Future Passive Voice

- Modal Auxiliary Passive Voice

Berikut merupakan rumus dan contoh active dan passive voice di tiap-tiap tensis:

Present Passive Voice

a. Simple Present Tense

· Active S + V₁ + O

Contoh :

1. Jumaidi buys the car.

2. He eat soup every sunday

· Passive S + is/am/are + V₃

Contoh :

1. The car is bought by Jumaidi.

2. Soup is eaten by him every Sunday

b. Present Continuous Tense

· Active S + is/am/are + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Andhika is cooking a fried rice.

2. They are singing a song

· Passive S + is/am/are + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A fried rice is being cooked by Andhika.

2. A song is being sung by Them.

c. Present Perfect Tense

· Active S + has/have + V₃

Contoh :

1. She has written a homework.

2. Chaerul have directed the movie.

· Passive S + have/has + been + V₃

Contoh :

1. A homework has been written by her.

2. The movie have been directed by Chaerul.

d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

· Active S + has/have + been + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Parmin has been killing a snake.

2. Shinta have been helping the old man.

· Passive S + have/has + been + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A snake has been being killed by Parmin.

2. The old man have been being helped by Shinta.

Past Passive Voice

a. Simple Past Tense

· Active S + V₂ + O

Contoh :

1. Jumaidi bought the car.

2. He ate soup every sunday

· Passive S + was/were + V₃

Contoh :

1. The car was bought by Jumaidi.

2. Soup was eaten by him every sunday.

b. Past Continuous Tense

· Active S + was/were + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Andhika was cooking a fried rice.

2. They were singing a song.

· Passive S + was/were + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A fried rice was being cooked by Andhika.

2. A song were being sung by them.

c. Past Perfect Tense

· Active S + had + V₃

Contoh :

1. She had written a homework

2. Chaerul had directed the movie.

· Passive S + had + been + V₃

Contoh :

1. A homework had been written by her.

2. The movie had been directed by Chaerul.

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

· Active S + had + been + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Parmin had been killing a snake.

2. Shinta had been helping the old man.

· Passive S + had + been + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A snake had been being killed by Parmin.

2. The old man had been being helped by Shinta.

Future Passive Voice

a. Simple Future Tense

· Active S + will + V₁ + O

Contoh :

1. Jumaidi will buy the car

2. He will eat soup every sunday.

· Passive S + will + be + V₃

Contoh :

1. The car will be bought by Jumaidi

2. Soup will be eaten by him every sunday.

b. Future Continuous Tense

· Active S + will + be + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Andhika will be cooking a fried rice.

2. They will be singing a song.

· Passive S + will + be + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A fried rice will be being cooked by Andhika.

2. A song will be being sung by them.

c. Future Perfect Tense

· Active S + will + have + V₃

Contoh :

1. She will have written a homework.

2. Chaerul will have directed the movie.

· Passive S + will + have + been + V₃

Contoh :

1. A homework will have been written by her.

2. The movie will have been directed by Chaerul.

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

· Active S + will + have + been + V-ing

Contoh :

1. Parmin will have been killing a snake.

2. Shinta will have been helping the old man.

· Passive S + will + have + been + being + V₃

Contoh :

1. A snake will have been being killing by Parmin.

2. The old man have been being helped by Shinta.

Modal Auxiliary Passive Voice

· Active

Can – Could + V₁

May – Might + V₁

Will – Would + V₁

Must – Had to + V₁

Shall – Should + V₁

Ought to + V₁

Contoh :

1. Sudibjo can climb the mountain.

2. They must decorate a classroom.

· Passive

Can – Could + be + V₃

May – Might + be + V₃

Will – Would + be + V₃

Must – Had to + be + V₃

Shall – Should + be + V₃

Ought to + be + V₃

Contoh :

1. The mountain can be climb by Sudibjo.

2. A classroom must decorated by them.

SUMBER :

Tuti Damayati

Sabtu, 29 Juni 2013

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

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